Solutions containing paramagnetic solutes influence nuclear relaxation via the strong local magnetic fileds produced by the magnetic moment of the unpaired electron(s). Thus, the proximity of an electron spin leads to higher NMR relaxation rates for protein nuclei. The disappearance of resonances from the spectrum are due to differential relaxation properties based on paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (PRE).

  • General reading on Spin Labels in NMR Screening: B03ZER341
  • Use of a paramagnetic chelate as TEMPOL ( 99JB125-15, 05JB155-31) or a Gd(III) derivative ( 02JACS372).
  • Paramagnetic ligands in selectively labeled proteins ( 04JB205-30).
  • Simultaneous binding of two ligands to a target protein by detecting paramagnetic relaxation enhancements ( 00JACS7394).
  • Use of distance-dependent line broadening effects originated from site-directed spin labeling ( 95PSC296-4 , 97BIO9867 , 97EJB721-244 , 98JB553-12 , 99JACS9276 , 00BIO5355 ).
  • Comparison of spectra of an ATCUN-tagged peptide with and without Cu2+ canbe used to rapidly define peptide-binding orientations ( 02JACS14002 )
    • _white.html");